บทคัดย่อภาษาอังกฤษ

The aim of this study was twofold: first, to investigate the level of democratic practice among students in schools under the Nakhon Ratchasima Primary Educational Service Area Office 4, and second, to determine guidelines for implementing activities that promote democratic ways in these schools. The research design employed a mixed-methods approach, with data collection divided into two phases. During the first phase, a quantitative method was used to collect data from the population of school administrators, teachers, students and educational institution committee members in the academic year 2023, comprising a total of 878 people from three model schools promoting democratic activities. The research instruments used were questionnaires, and statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyze the data. The second phase employed a qualitative method, using a semi-structured interview as the research tool. The target group for examining and confirming the guidelines for organizing democracy promotion activities in schools under the Nakhon Ratchasima Primary Educational Service Area Office 4 were 5 experts, and the data were analyzed using content analysis and presented narratively. The research findings revealed that: 1. The overall level of democratic practice among students was found to be very high, with the Wisdom aspect ranking the highest in terms of mean score, followed by the unity aspect, and finally, the reverence aspect. 2. These guidelines provide information on how to organize activities that promote a democratic way of life in schools under the jurisdiction of Nakhon Ratchasima Primary Educational Service Area Office 4. 2.1 In terms of morality, it is important for administrators to establish a clear policy for upholding democratic principles. This includes being a good example of democratic behavior, promoting democracy in educational institutions, and encouraging teachers and administrators to serve as positive role models. It is also crucial to accept and consider the opinions of students, and to encourage them to express themselves in a healthy and appropriate manner. Respecting and honoring each other's perspectives and opinions helps to foster a greater understanding of students' rights. It is important to offer positive reinforcement for good behavior, such as praise and honor cards, and to grant allowances to students who exhibit outstanding conduct. Students, on the other hand, should understand their roles, duties, and rights, and use their freedoms responsibly and appropriately according to the situation. 2.2 Teachers are responsible for creating a sense of unity in their classroom by fostering an environment of collaboration and encouraging students to see the value in group work. A friendly atmosphere should be created where students are happy with their studies. Democracy should be integrated into teaching and learning activities to encourage children to be disciplined and responsible. Teachers should develop modern and easy-to-understand teaching materials about democracy to stimulate student learning. Administrators should also promote and support democratic teaching and learning by providing internal supervision to improve and develop operations systematically and continuously. Schools should organize activities that promote unity among students and give opportunities for parents and the community to participate in promoting, supporting, and stimulating students to think, do, and express what is right and good. As for students, they should be responsible for their duties and work together while avoiding taking advantage of others. They should also be willing to sacrifice their personal interests for the benefit of the public and the nation. 2.3 In education, the aspect of wisdom involves teaching students how to analyze news data and distinguish it reasonably. Group processes should be utilized to organize teaching and learning in an efficient way. Students should be trained to use their intelligence to solve problems and practice analytical thinking. They should also learn to distinguish between real situations and everyday events. Teachers should educate students that they tend to believe in anything easily. They should encourage students to follow and respect their opinions, promote self-motivation, and establish a system that focuses on the dietary habits of the student group to coordinate parents and the community to work together to create guidelines for students. As for students, they should follow the rules of the school and abide by the majority's resolution while listening to the voices of the minority. They should be reasonable, brave enough to think and express themselves, and respect the opinions of others. All these practices promote democracy in school. Keywords: Democracy in school.